澳洲的福利

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都说澳洲好福利。到底有多好，有哪些？相信大家一直参而不透。看到这条赶紧收藏吧，不但自己清楚，还可以帮亲友解答。

 

澳大利亚是世界上实行社会福利制度最早的国家之一，也是世界上福利最好的国家之一。相当完善的社会福利网已覆盖全国，福利种类多而齐全，现特为大家整合了最全的澳洲福利总览：

 

分娩及儿童福利

 

当孩子出生时，医院会给孩子的父母一套申请福利的表格，后面有医院签字证明婴儿的出生。这套表格所涉及到的福利有：

 

分娩补助:

这是一笔一次5,000的钱，所有人都有。

 

家庭税务补助A（FTB A）:

对有孩子的家庭都有效。当家庭收入低于$40,000时，可以拿到全额，此后随着收入的增加而递减（收入每增加$1,补助减少20 cents）。13岁以下孩子：$140.84/2周；13-15孩子：$179.76/2周；16-17孩子：$45.36/2周；18-24孩子：$61.04/2周。

 

家庭税务补助B（FTB B）:

给只有单方收入来源的家庭。当另一方收入低于$4234/年时可以拿到全额，此后收入每增加$1,补助减少20 cents.5岁孩子：$120.96/2周；5 – 15孩子：$84.28/2周。

 

 

托儿费补助:

用来支付托儿费（也就是说，这个钱到不了自己手中）。当家庭收入低于$98,348（一个孩子）时可以申请（两个孩子是$106 629的收入上限。三个孩子及以上，以$121,130起算，每个孩子增加$20,221 ）。最多支付$2.96/小时。

 

免疫接种补助:

免疫费，$227.90.在孩子18个月且完成全部免疫注射后一次支付。

 

低收入父母补助:

给有6岁以下儿童的低收入家庭的补助。申请要求必须是澳洲永居两年；家庭财产不超过$346 000（无房户）/$229 000（有房户）；本人收入不超过$726.34/2周，配偶收入不超过1360.00/2周，合并收入不超过$1453.34/2周。parenting payment为$379.80/2周，当本人收入低于$62/2周，配偶收入低于$727/2周时可拿到全额补助，此后随着收入的增加而递减。

 

育儿假补助：

如果你是一个公司雇员，或者自雇的小生意者，年收入15万以内，并在孩子出生/被收养前为当前雇主工作超过12个月，则在申请照顾孩子的假期内将可以获得每周$622.10的补贴 。

 

孤儿补助：

给双亲因过世，监禁或疾病无法履行监护职责的儿童，每双周$59.3。

 

 

工作/生活福利

 

失业救济金：

每双周约$330。凡在工作年龄内，有工作能力，愿意工作而找不到工作者可以领取。但新移民要等两年才有资格申领。另外，政府还有“寻找工作补贴”和“重新开始津贴”计划，这些计划使失业者参加或重新参加就业得到鼓励和支持。同时，失业者遇到比较合适的工作岗位时，失业者是不能拒绝的。

 

特别救济金：

发放给生活有困难的人，新移民在其无法控制的情况下而导致的状况改变时才可申领，每双周约$330。

 

工伤收入补偿金：

收入补偿的目的是当受伤劳动者不能工作或者不适合工作的情况下，对于其工资收入损失作替代性的支付。收入补偿金额基于受伤前劳动者的工资收入和劳动能力的标准进行确定

 

租房补贴:

如果你是租住房，且够资格享受FTB,就可以得到租房补贴。

 

疾病和伤残津贴：

因伤残领取抚恤金或因病而领取临时补贴的人，同时可以接受康复治疗和培训，以便观察他们是否能重返工作岗位。父母或监护人因孩子身体、智力或心理伤残而需要在家得到高水平护理和照顾的，也可以领取护理补贴。

 

医疗福利

 

全民享有免费医疗保健：

国民保健（Medicare）是澳洲国家健康保险计划，新移民可以即时享有大多数免费医疗服务，国民保健病患者也可享有免费公立医院的治疗。国家将会为病人支付：看医生的费用、在公立医院手术、住院（包括药品和饮食）的费用，通常情况下，开业医生和医院与政府实行统一结账，病人只需刷卡而不需要付费。国家虽不会为病人支付买药的费用，但政府通过“医药补贴计划”对许多医药处方给予补贴。

 

医药补贴计划：

政府根据实际情况每年对药品目录进行调整，目前药物福利计划目录药品超过2600个。只要是该计划内的药品，不论药方上的药品值多少钱，病人只需付固定额度，不足的部分由政府支付。

 

对普通人，如果一年的药费已超过$1264.9，本年度就不用再交药费了；对低收入者，如果已付药费达到$318，则本年度不必再付药费了。

 

药品补助:

如果你享受全额FTB A，会自动获得Health care card,买药可以打折。

 

 

养老福利

 

澳洲享受养老金的男子需65岁以上，女子60岁以上（新财年将会上调）。领取者的妻子即使本人无资格享受养老金也可领到养老金。能否领取养老金或领取多少，将根据有关人收入、资产而定，并要满足居住条件的要求。年金与通货膨胀率挂钩，每两年调整一次。凡领取养老金者可以得到优惠的医疗药品和其他卫生保健待遇。

 

 

教育福利

 

义务教育：

从小学到高中12年的免费义务教育

十八岁前，享受福利部的儿童津贴；

 

高等教育：

大学学费比留学生低2/3，并可申请政府贷款；

十八岁后，享受学生津贴；

 

澳大利亚拥有社会“安全网络”，它为经济拮据的人提供资助和其他各种支援。政府机构和非政府组织共同合作，帮助老年人、残疾人、病人、失业者和多子女家庭。目前，澳大利亚成立的一个新机构，名为“联络中心”（Centrelink），它负责原先由联邦政府几个部门负责承办的一系列社会工作。

 

 

领取福利条件

 

大多数新移民要等两年才有资格申领部分社会保障付款，其中包括失业救济金和学习津贴，不包括医药津贴、孩子助养费、特别救济金、大学奖学金和学费贷款。

 

根据您持有的签证类别，您可以从Centrelink获得不同的福利金和服务。来澳洲定居的人士通常分为以下三大类：

 

1.移民(包括新西兰公民)通常需要等待两年后才能申领Centrelink福利金，获取各种服务。

 

2.难民/人道理由居留人士，只要符合要求，便可即刻申领Centrelink福利金，获取相应服务。

 

3.某些临时保护签证和其它类别签证的持有人士,无需等候即可获得一些Centrelink福利金。

以下表格解释了Centrelink为上述三类新近在澳洲定居人士提供的福利和服务。

 

 

主要福利金类别 难民 移民 临时居民签证持有人
Age Pension (养老金) 无等候期 等候期10年+ 不能申领
Austudy 无等候期 等候期两年 不能申领
Bereavement Allowance(丧亲津贴) 无等候期 等候期两年++ 不能申领
Carer Payment(照顾者收入补助) 无等候期 等候期两年 不能申领
Disability Support Pension (残疾人福利金) 无等候期 等候期10年++ 不能申领
Parenting Payment(家长补助金) 无等候期 等候期两年++ 不能申领
Family Payments(家庭福利金) 无等候期 无等候期 无等候期
Mature Age Allowance(中老年人津贴) 无等候期 等候期两年+++ 不能申领
Newstart Allowance(新开始津贴) 无等候期 等候期两年 不能申领
Partner Allowance(配偶津贴) 无等候期 等候期两年+++ 不能申领
Sickness Allowance(疾病津贴) 无等候期 等候期两年 不能申领
Special Benefit（特许福利金) 无等候期 某些情况下可申领 无等候期
Widow Allowance(孀妇津贴) 无等候期 无等候期两年 不能申领
Youth Allowance(青年津贴) 无等候期 等候期两年 不能申领

 

+ 可能有例外。

++ 您可能无需等候即可申领该类福利金，如果事件突发时您正在澳洲居住。

+++这类福利金在2003年9月20日后取消。

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